Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in association with the State Pollution Control
Boards/Committees in different States/Union Territories (UTs) have been monitoring the water quality of rivers and other water bodies through a network of monitoring stations under the National Water Quality Monitoring Programme. Based on water quality monitoring results, pollution assessment of rivers has been carried out by CPCB from time to time. As per the last report published by CPCB in September 2018, 351 polluted stretches were identified on 323 rivers based on monitoring results in terms of Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), an indicator of organic pollution. State-wise details of polluted river stretches are given at Annexure-I.
Cleaning/rejuvenation of rivers is an ongoing activity. It is the responsibility of the States/UTs, Local Bodies and industrial units to ensure required treatment of sewage and industrial effluents to the prescribed norms before discharging into river and other water bodies, coastal waters or land to prevent and control of pollution therein. For conservation of rivers, this Ministry has been supplementing efforts of the States/UTs by providing financial and technical assistance for abatement of pollution in identified stretches of rivers in the country through the Central Sector Scheme of Namami Gange for rivers in Ganga basin and the Centrally Sponsored Scheme of National River Conservation Plan (NRCP) for other rivers.
Proposals for pollution abatement works in the towns along polluted river stretches are received from the States/UTs from time to time for consideration under NRCP and sanctioned based on their prioritization, conformity with NRCP guidelines, availability of plan funds, etc. NRCP has so far covered polluted stretches on 34 rivers in 77 towns spread over 16 States in the country with the project sanctioned cost of Rs.5961.75 crore, and inter-alia, a sewage treatment capacity of 2677 mld has been created. Under Namami Gange programme, a total of 353 projects, including 157 projects for sewage treatment of 4952 mld and sewer network of 5212 kms., have been sanctioned at a cost of Rs.30458 crore. State/UT-wise details of rivers covered under NRCP, Namami Gange and Ganga Action Plan (GAP) are given at Annexure-II.
In addition, sewerage infrastructure is created under programs like Atal Mission for Rejuvenation & Urban Transformation (AMRUT) and Smart Cities Mission of Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs.
As per the Provisions of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution), Act 1974, industrial units are required to install effluent treatment plants (ETPs) and treat their effluents to comply with stipulated environmental standards before discharging into river and water bodies. Accordingly, CPCB, State Pollution Control Boards/Pollution Control Committees monitor industries with respect to effluent discharge standards and take action for non-compliance under provisions of these Acts.
Also Read : Kerala’s Periyar River Is Dying an Industrial Death
Besides, in compliance of the orders of National Green Tribunal (NGT) in Original Application No.673/2018 regarding rejuvenation of polluted river stretches in the country, States/UTs are required to implement approved action plans for restoration of the polluted stretches in their jurisdiction as identified by CPCB and published in their report of 2018, within the stipulated timelines. As per the orders of NGT, regular review on implementation of action plans is undertaken in the States/UTs and also at Central level.
This Information was given by the Minister of State for Jal Shakti, Shri Bishweswar Tuduin a written reply in Lok Sabha.
State / UTs Wise Polluted River Stretches (Annexure 1)
| S.No. | Name Of State | Name Of Polluted River Stretches | Number |
| 1 | Andhra Pradesh | Kundu, Tungabhadra, Godavari, Krishna, Nagavali | 5 |
| 2 | Assam | Bharalu, Borsola, Deepar Bill, Digboi, Kamalpur, PanchnaiBrahamputra, Kharsang, Pagldia, Barak, BaroiBega, Beki, Bhogdoi, Boginadi, Borbeel, BordoibamBeelmukh, Burhidihing, Dhansiri, Dikhow, Dikrong, Diplai, Disang, Gabharu, Holudunga, Jai Bharali, Jhanji, Kalong, Kapili, Killing, Kohora, Kulsi, Malini, Mora Bharali, Parashali, Puthimari, Ranga, Samaguri, Sankosh, Silsako, Sorusola, Son, Sonai, TengaPukhuri | 44 |
| 3 | Bihar | Sirsia, Farmar, Ganga, Poonpun, Ram Rekha, Sikrahna | 6 |
| 4 | Chhattisgarh | Hasdeo, Kharoon, Mahanadi, Seonath, Kelo | 5 |
| 5 | Daman, Diu and Dadra Nagar Haveli | Damanganga | 1 |
| 6 | Delhi | Yamuna, | 1 |
| 7 | Goa | Sal, Mandovi, Talpona, Assonora, Bicholim, Chapora, Khandepar, Sinquerim, Tiracol, Valvant, Zuari | 11 |
| 8 | Gujarat | Amlakhadi, Bhadar, Bhogavo, Khari, Sabarmati, Vishwamitri, Dhadar, Triveni, Amravati (Tributary Of Narmada), Damanganga, Kolak, Mahi, Shedhi, Tapi, Anas, BalehwarKhadi, Kim, Meshwa, Mindhola, Narmada | 20 |
| 9 | Haryana | Ghaggar, Yamuna | 2 |
| 10 | Himachal Pradesh | Sukhana, Markanda, Sirsa, Ashwani, Beas, Giri, Pabbar | 7 |
| 11 | Jammu & Kashmir | Devika, Banganga, ChuntKol, Gawkadal, Tawi, Basanter, Chenab, Jhelam, Sindh | 9 |
| 12 | Jharkhand | Garga, Sankh, Subarnarekha, Damodar, Jumar, Konar, Nalkari | 7 |
| 13 | Karnataka | Arkavathi, Lakshmantirtha, Malprbha, Tungabhadra, Bhadra, Cauvery, Kabini, Kagina, Kali, Krishna, Shimsha, AsangiNalla, Bhima, Kumardhara, Netravathi, Tunga, Yagachi | 17 |
| 14 | Kerala | Karamana, Bharathapuzha, Kadambayar, Keecheri, Manimala, Pamba, Bhavani, Chitrapuzha, Kadalundy, Kallai, Karuvannur, Kavvai, Kuppam, Kuttiyady, Mogral, Periyar, Peruvamba, Puzhackal, Ramapuram, Thirur, Uppala | 21
|
| 15 | Madhya Pradesh | Chambal, Khan, Kshipra, Betwa, Sone, Gohad, Kolar, Tapi, Bichia, Chamla, Choupan, Kalisot, Kanhan, Katni, Kunda, Malei, Mandakini (Mp), Newaj, Parvati, Simrar, Tons, Wainganga | 22 |
| 16 | Maharashtra | Godavari, Kalu, Kundalika, Mithi, Morna, Mula, Mutha, Nira, Vel, Bhima, Indrayani, Mula-Mutha, Pawana, Wainganga, Wardha, Ghod, Kanhan, Kolar (Mah), Krishna, Mor, Patalganga, Pedhi, Penganga, Purna, Tapi, Urmodi, Venna, Waghur, Wena, Bindusar, Bori, Chandrabhaga, Darna, Girna, Hiwara, Koyna, Pehlar, Sina, Titur, Amba, Bhatsa, Gomai, Kan, Manjeera, Panchganga, Panzara, Rangavali, Savitri, Surya, Tansa, Ulhas, Vaitarna, Vashisti | 53 |
| 17 | Manipur | Nambul, Imphal, Iril, Khuga, Khujairok, Lokchao, Manipur, Thoubal, Wangjing | 9 |
| 18 | Meghalaya | Umkhrah, Umshyrpi, Kyrhukhla, Nonbah, Umtrew, Lukha, Myntdu | 7 |
| 19 | Mizoram | Tiau, Tlawng, Tuipui, Tuivawl, Chite, Mat, Saikah, Tuikual, Tuirial | 9 |
| 20 | Nagaland | Dhansiri, Dzuna, Chathe, Dzu, Dzucha, Sano | 6 |
| 21 | Odisha | Gangua, GuradihNallah, Kathajodi, Nandirajhor, Daya, Kuakhai, BanguruNallah, Bheden, Brahamani, Budhabalnaga, Kusumi, Mahanadi, Mangala, Nagavalli, Nuna, Ratnachira, Rushikulya, Sabulia, Serua | 19 |
| 22 | Puducherry | Arasalar, Chunnambar | 2 |
| 23 | Punjab | Ghaggar, Satluj, Kali Bein, Beas | 4 |
| 24 | Rajasthan | Banas, Chambal, | 2 |
| 25 | Sikkim | ManeyKhola, Rangit, Ranichu, Teesta | 4 |
| 26 | Tamil Nadu | Cauvery, Sarabanga, ThirumanimUthar, Vasista, Bhavani, Tambirapani | 6 |
| 27 | Telangana | Musi, Manjeera, Nakkavagu, Karakavagu, Maner, Godavari, Kinnersani, Krishna | 8 |
| 28 | Tripura | Burigaon, Gumti, Haora, Juri, Khowai, Manu | 6 |
| 29 | Uttar Pradesh | Hindon, Kalinadi, Varuna, Yamuna, Gomti, Ganga, Ramganga, Betwa, Ghaghara, Rapti, Sai, Saryu | 12 |
| 30 | Uttarakhand | Bhela, Dhela, Suswa, Kichha, Kalyani, Ganga, Kosi, Nandour, Pilkhar | 9 |
| 31 | West Bengal | Vindhadhari, Mahananda, Churni, Dwarka, Ganga, Damodar, Jalangi, Kansi, Mathabhanga, Barakar, Dwarakeshwar, Kaljani, Karola, Mayurkashi, Rupnarayan, Silabati, Teesta | 17 |
| Grand Total : | 351 | ||
State-wise details of rivers covered under National River Conservation Plan (excluding Ganga and its tributaries)
| S. No. | State | Name of Rivers covered | Number of Rivers covered |
| 1 | Andhra Pradesh | Godavari | 1 |
| 2 | Telangana | Godavari &Musi | 2 |
| 3 | Jammu & Kashmir | Devika&Tawi | 2 |
| 4 | Jharkhand | Subarnarekha | 1 |
| 5 | Gujarat | Sabarmati, Mindola&Tapi | 3 |
| 6 | Goa | Mandovi | 1 |
| 7 | Karnataka | Tunga, Bhadra, Tungabhadra, Cauvery &Pennar | 5 |
| 8 | Maharashtra | Godavari, Tapi, Krishna, Panchganga&MulaMutha. | 5 |
| 9 | Madhya Pradesh | Wainganga, Narmada & Tapti. | 3 |
| 10 | Manipur | Nambul | 1 |
| 11 | Odisha | Brahmini, Mahanadi | 2 |
| 12 | Punjab | Ghaggar, Beas &Satluj | 3 |
| 13 | Tamil Nadu | Adyar, Cooum, Vaigai, Vennar, Cauvery &Tamrabarani | 6 |
| 14 | Kerala | Pamba | 1 |
| 15 | Sikkim | Rani Chu | 1 |
| 16 | Nagaland | Diphu and Dhansiri | 2 |
State-wise details of rivers covered under Namami Gange and GAP (Ganga and its tributaries) Annexure II
| Sl. No. | State | Name of Rivers covered | Number of Rivers covered |
| 1. | Uttarakhand | Ganga, Alaknanda, Bhagirathi, Mandakini, Kosi, Rispana&Bindal | 7 |
| 2. | Uttar Pradesh | Ganga, Yamuna, Kali, Gomti, Saryu, Ram Ganga | 6 |
| 3. | Bihar | Ganga, BurhiGandak, Kharkari | 3 |
| 4. | Jharkhand | Ganga, Damodar | 2 |
| 5. | West Bengal | Ganga, Damodar, Banka, Mahananda | 4 |
| 6. | Delhi | Yamuna | 1 |
| 7. | Haryana | Yamuna | 1 |
| 8. | Himanchal Pradesh | Yamuna | 1 |
| 9. | Madhya Pradesh | Beehar, Betwa, Khan, Kshipra, Mandakini, Chambal | 6 |
| 10. | Rajasthan | Chambal | 1 |
